DTS (Device Tree Source) 是Linux系统中用于描述硬件配置的重要机制,合理优化DTS可以显著提升系统性能。以下是关键优化方法:
clocks {
/* 精确配置时钟频率 */
cpu_clk: cpu-clock {
#clock-cells = <0>;
compatible = "fixed-clock";
clock-frequency = <1200000000>; /* 1.2GHz */
clock-accuracy = <10000>; /* 10ppm精度 */
};
};
interrupt-controller@f1000000 {
compatible = "arm,gic-400";
#interrupt-cells = <3>;
interrupt-controller;
reg = <0xf1001000 0x1000>,
<0xf1002000 0x2000>;
interrupts = <GIC_PPI 9 (GIC_CPU_MASK_SIMPLE(4) | IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH)>;
/* 优化中断亲和性 */
affinity = <0 1 2 3>; /* 分配到所有CPU核心 */
};
reserved-memory {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <1>;
ranges;
/* 为高性能应用预留内存区域 */
fastmem: fastmem@80000000 {
reg = <0x80000000 0x10000000>; /* 256MB */
no-map;
};
};
dma-controller@fe000000 {
compatible = "arm,pl330", "arm,primecell";
reg = <0xfe000000 0x1000>;
interrupts = <0 34 4>;
/* DMA通道优化 */
#dma-cells = <1>;
dma-channels = <8>;
dma-requests = <32>;
};
cpus {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
cpu@0 {
device_type = "cpu";
compatible = "arm,cortex-a72";
reg = <0>;
enable-method = "psci";
/* 缓存和频率调节优化 */
operating-points-v2 = <&cpu_opp_table>;
cpu-supply = <&vdd_cpu>;
clocks = <&cpu_clk>;
clock-names = "cpu";
/* 缓存配置 */
cache-size = <0x8000>; /* 32KB L1 */
cache-line-size = <64>;
};
};
pmu {
compatible = "arm,cortex-a72-pmu";
interrupts = <GIC_SPI 112 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>,
<GIC_SPI 113 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
interrupt-affinity = <&cpu0>, <&cpu1>;
};
power-controller {
compatible = "arm,psci-1.0";
method = "smc";
/* 定义电源状态 */
cpu_sleep_0: cpu-sleep-0 {
compatible = "arm,idle-state";
entry-latency-us = <100>;
exit-latency-us = <150>;
min-residency-us = <1000>;
local-timer-stop;
};
};
axi {
compatible = "simple-bus";
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <1>;
ranges = <0 0 0x40000000 0x80000000>;
/* 总线仲裁优化 */
dma-ranges = <0x00000000 0x00000000 0x40000000>;
dma-coherent;
/* 带宽分配 */
bandwidth = <1000>; /* MB/s */
};
优化后应使用以下工具验证效果:
- devmem2
- 直接读取硬件寄存器
- dtc
- 反编译DTB验证配置
- perf
- 性能分析
- trace-cmd
- 跟踪内核事件
通过以上DTS优化技术,可以显著提升Linux系统的响应速度、吞吐量和能效比,同时保持系统稳定性。